Introduction of bone

Synopsis

Introduction of bone

Introduction of bone

  • Etymology
  • Definition
  • Properties
  • Function
  • Classification
  • Picture

Etymology

  • Bone
  • Derived word = anglo-saxon
  • Meaning=bar

Definition [ introduction of bone]

  • Bone is a hard part of the body that provide dynamic structure frame to the body.
  • The study of is called osteology .[ Osteo= bone, logy=study]

Properties

  • Bone is living tissue
  • Bone is supplied by arteries and nerves
  • Bone is drained by veins
  • Bone grows with age
  • Bone is subject to disease
  • Bone regenerates when damaged
  • Fracture bone heals leading to union
  • Bone can undergo remodeling
  • Bone can withstand strains and stresses
  • Bone can atrophy or hypertrophy

Function

  • Bone provide frame work to the body
  • Bones accord shape to the body
  • Bone is site of blood formation
  • Bone is store house of calcium and phosphorus
  • Bone provide protection to the number of viscera

Classification

  • There are three classification of bone.
  • 1. Morphological classification
  • 2. Regional classification
  • 3. sesamoid bone

Morphological classification

  • On the basis of shape:- it is of six type
1. Long boneFemur , Humerus
2. Short bonescarpal , tarsal
3. Short long boneMetacarpal, metatarsal
4. Flat boneParietal , scapula
5. Irregular boneHip bone , vertebra
6. Pneumatic boneMaxilla , sphenoid
morphological classification

Regional classification

  • On the basis of region it is two type
  • 1. axial bone = it include 80 bones
  • 2. Appendicular bone = it include 126 bone
Axial bone = 80 boneAppendicular bone = 126 bone
I. Skull bone = 28I. Upper limb = 64
II. Vertebra bone = 26II. Lower limb = 62
III. Ribs = 24
Iv. Sternum = 01
v. Hyoid bone = 01
Regional classification

Sesamoid bone

  • It is special type of bone that ossify after birth.
  • It is develop in the tendon of a muscle.
Sesamoid BoneTendon of muscles
I. PatellaQuadriceps
II. PisiformFlexor carpi ulnaris
III. FabellaLateral head of gastrocnemius
IV. Rider’s boneAdductor longus

Skull bone= 28

Cranium bone =14facial bone = 14
PairedUnpairedPairedUnpaired
I. ParietalI. FrontalI. MaxillaI. Mandible
II. TemporalII. OccipitalII. ZygomaticII. Vomer
III. MalleusIII. SphenoidIII. Nasal
IV. IncusIV. EthemoidIV. Lacrimal
V. stapesV. Palatine
VI. Inferior nasal concha

Vertebrae = 33 [ after fusion 26]

I. Cervical = 07
II. Thoracic = 12
III. Lumber = 05
IV. Sacral = 05
All fused together and become one sacrum
V. Coccygeal = 04All fused together and become one coccyx

Ribs = 24

I. True ribs07 PAIR
II. False ribs03 PAIR
III. Floating ribs02 PAIR

Upper limb = 64

I. Clavicle01 Pair
II. Scapula01 Pair
III. Humerus01 Pair
IV. Ulna ( medially)01 Pair
V. Radius ( Laterally)01 Pair
VI. Carpals08 Pair
VII. Metacarpal05 Pair
VIII. Phalanges14 Pair

Carpals = 08 pair

I. proximal rowScaphoid, lunate , triquetral, pisiform
II. Distal rowTrapezium, trapezoid, capitates, hamate

Phalanges = 14 pair

I. ThumbProximal , distal
II. Rest fingersProximal, middle, distal

Lower limb = 62

I. Hip bone01 Pair
II. Femur01 Pair
III. Ptella01 Pair
IV. Tibia01 Pair
V. Fibula01 Pair
VI. Tarsal07 Pair
VII. Meta tarsal05
VIII. Phalanges14

Phalanges = 14 pair

I. Toesproximal , calcaneus
II. Rest toesProximal , middle, distal

Pictures

introduction of bone ,introduction of bone , introduction of bone , introduction of bone

Is a bone a tissue?

Bone is living tissue that makes the body’s skeleton

Why are bones so important?

Because Bone is a hard part of the body that provide dynamic structure frame to the body.

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